Direct Permissions | laravel-permission | Spatie

 SPATIE

  Laravel Permission
=====================

spatie.be/open-source

  [Docs](https://spatie.be/docs)  [Laravel-permission](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3)  Basic-usage  Direct Permissions

 Version   v7   v6   v5   v4   v3

 Other versions for crawler [v7](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v7) [v6](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v6) [v5](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v5) [v4](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v4) [v3](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3)

- [ Introduction ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/introduction)
- [ Support us ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/support-us)
- [ Prerequisites ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/prerequisites)
- [ Installation in Laravel ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/installation-laravel)
- [ Installation in Lumen ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/installation-lumen)
- [ Upgrading ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/upgrading)
- [ Questions and issues ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/questions-issues)
- [ Changelog ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/changelog)
- [ About us ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/about-us)

Basic Usage
-----------

- [ Basic Usage ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/basic-usage/basic-usage)
- [ Direct Permissions ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/basic-usage/direct-permissions)
- [ Using permissions via roles ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/basic-usage/role-permissions)
- [ Wildcard permissions ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/basic-usage/wildcard-permissions)
- [ Blade directives ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/basic-usage/blade-directives)
- [ Defining a Super-Admin ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/basic-usage/super-admin)
- [ Using multiple guards ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/basic-usage/multiple-guards)
- [ Using artisan commands ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/basic-usage/artisan)
- [ Using a middleware ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/basic-usage/middleware)
- [ Example App ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/basic-usage/new-app)

Best Practices
--------------

- [ Roles vs Permissions ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/best-practices/roles-vs-permissions)
- [ Model Policies ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/best-practices/using-policies)
- [ Performance Tips ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/best-practices/performance)

Advanced usage
--------------

- [ Testing ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/advanced-usage/testing)
- [ Database Seeding ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/advanced-usage/seeding)
- [ Exceptions ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/advanced-usage/exceptions)
- [ Extending ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/advanced-usage/extending)
- [ Cache ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/advanced-usage/cache)
- [ UUID ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/advanced-usage/uuid)
- [ Extending PhpStorm ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/advanced-usage/phpstorm)
- [ Other ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/advanced-usage/other)
- [ Timestamps ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/advanced-usage/timestamps)
- [ UI Options ](https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-permission/v3/advanced-usage/ui-options)

      You are viewing the documentation for **an older version** of this package. You can check the version you are using with the following command:

 `                                    composer show spatie/laravel-permission                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    `

Direct Permissions
==================

A permission can be given to any user:

```
$user->givePermissionTo('edit articles');

// You can also give multiple permission at once
$user->givePermissionTo('edit articles', 'delete articles');

// You may also pass an array
$user->givePermissionTo(['edit articles', 'delete articles']);
```

A permission can be revoked from a user:

```
$user->revokePermissionTo('edit articles');
```

Or revoke & add new permissions in one go:

```
$user->syncPermissions(['edit articles', 'delete articles']);
```

You can check if a user has a permission:

```
$user->hasPermissionTo('edit articles');
```

Or you may pass an integer representing the permission id

```
$user->hasPermissionTo('1');
$user->hasPermissionTo(Permission::find(1)->id);
$user->hasPermissionTo($somePermission->id);
```

You can check if a user has Any of an array of permissions:

```
$user->hasAnyPermission(['edit articles', 'publish articles', 'unpublish articles']);
```

...or if a user has All of an array of permissions:

```
$user->hasAllPermissions(['edit articles', 'publish articles', 'unpublish articles']);
```

You may also pass integers to lookup by permission id

```
$user->hasAnyPermission(['edit articles', 1, 5]);
```

Saved permissions will be registered with the `Illuminate\Auth\Access\Gate` class for the default guard. So you can check if a user has a permission with Laravel's default `can` function:

```
$user->can('edit articles');
```